Cementoma is a benign tumor found in the root of a tooth, usually in the lower molar teeth of the jaw. It is most commonly found in individuals aged 8 to 30, and affects both sexes equally. Although it can cause distortion in the surrounding area, it is typically painless. The cementum, or hard tissue, is notably thickened in cases of cementoma. While it is most commonly found in the jaw, it can also occur in other parts of the body such as the maxilla and long bones, although this is less common. Cementoma is a condition where there is a thickening of the cementum around the teeth roots. It is usually painless, but as it grows, it can cause dull pain and sensitivity. It can also lead to swelling and tooth displacement. Complications of cementum growth can include bleeding, nerve damage, and malocclusion. The exact cause of cementomas is not known, but it is believed that excessive growth of the cementum cells at the root of a tooth can occur. Cementomas may be caused by trauma, irritation, infection, hormonal imbalance, cell overgrowth, or vitamin deficiency. Cementomas develop when cementoblasts uncontrollably multiply at the root of a tooth, causing excessive production of cementum. This can lead to damage in the periodontal ligament and jawbone. Research has identified three stages in the pathogenesis of cementomas, starting with periapical osteolysis, followed by the formation of radiopaque matter, and ending with complete calcification of the lesion.

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